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The roots of the reconstructed Proto-Indo-European language (PIE) are basic parts of words that carry a lexical meaning, so-called morphemes. PIE roots usually have verbal meaning like "eat" or "run". Roots never occur alone in the language. Complete inflected words like verbs, nouns or adjectives are formed by adding further morphemes to a root. ==Word formation== Typically, a root plus a suffix forms a stem, and adding an ending forms a word. For example, 〔The asterisk * indicates that this form is not directly attested, but has been reconstructed on the basis of other linguistic material.〕 'he carries' can be split into the root 'to carry', the suffix 'imperfective aspect' and the ending 'present tense, third person singular'.〔All examples of PIE roots are taken from and .〕 The suffix is sometimes missing, which has been interpreted as a zero suffix. Words with zero suffix are termed ''root verbs'' and ''root nouns''. Beyond this basic structure, there is the nasal infix, a present tense marker, and reduplication, a sort of prefix with a number of grammatical and derivational functions. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Proto-Indo-European root」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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